Background: Lung cancer remains a global challenge, and further chemopreventive therapies are still immediately required. Emerging evidence has revealed the potent anti-cancer effects of Rutin. Thus, to explore an efficient chemopreventive strategy for lung cancer, the antiproliferative effects of Rutin and Rutin- PCL/collagen nanofibers against breast cancer cells were assessed.

Methods: Rutin incorporated electrospun nanofibers were successfully fabricated via electrospinning and characterized through Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS),  Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of rutin- PCL/collagen nanofibers were evaluated using MTT and flow-cytometric assays, respectively. Also, real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-Time PCR) was used to determine the gene expression levels of apoptotic genes.

Results: The results showed that that electrospinning of 10% (w/v) PCL- collagen blend produced  a bead-free electrospun meshes with average diameter in the range of 300–400nm. Also, loading  of Rutin into the nanofibers improved mechanical properties than without drug-loaded NFs. MTT assay showed that loading of Rutin into PCL/collagen nanofiber enhanced noticeably cytotoxicity in the human lung cancer cells. This result was associated with alteration the mRNA levels of bax,  bcl-2, p53, Cyclin D1, caspase-3, caspase-7, and hTERT genes.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the drug-loaded nanofibers showed an excellent capacity to inhibit A549 lung cancer cells in vitro than the free Rutin. Therefore, the fabricated drug-encapsulated NFs may achieve a safe and suitable application for lung cancer relapse rate after surgery.

Keywords: PCL- collagen, Nanofiber, Rutin, Lung cancer, Apoptotic gene

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